Work in Theme 3 elucidates the effects of manufactured, natural, and incidental nanomaterials in inherently complex natural “real†ecosystems. Specific bio-markers are developped to evaluate the early ecotoxicological and ecosystemic effects.
The impacts of nanomaterials in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems over a range of length-scales and complexity is studied using macrocosms, microcosms, bench-scale experiments. These ecosystems, that include aquatic flow-through and terrestrial microcosms developped by CEINT will be used as stadard device.